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Writing,
Reading, Listening & Speaking
SUGGESTIONS FOR IMPROVING READING SPEED:
Factors that Reduce Reading Rate
Some
of the facts which reduce reading rate:
(a)
Limited perceptual span i.e., word-by-word reading;
(b)
Slow perceptual reaction time, i.e., slowness of recognition
and response to the material;
(c)
Vocalization, including the need to vocalize in order to
achieve comprehension;
(d)
Faulty eye movements, including inaccuracy in placement of
the page, in return sweep, in rhythm and regularity of
movement, etc.;
(e)
Regression, both habitual and as associated with habits of
concentration;
(f) faulty habits of attention and
concentration, beginning with simple inattention during the
reading act and faulty processes of retention;
(g)
Lack of practice in reading, due simply to the fact that the
person has read very little and has limited reading
interests so that very little reading is practiced in the
daily or weekly schedule;
(h)
Fear of losing comprehension, causing the person to suppress
his rate deliberately in the firm belief that comprehension
is improved if he spends more time on the individual words;
(i)
Habitual slow reading, in which the person cannot read
faster because he has always read slowly,
(j)
Poor evaluation of which aspects are important and which are
unimportant;
and
(k) the effort to remember everything rather than to
remember selectively.
Since
these conditions act also to reduce comprehension increasing
the reading rate through eliminating them is likely to
result in increased comprehension as well. This is an
entirely different matter from simply speeding up the rate
of reading without reference to the conditions responsible
for the slow rate. In fact, simply speeding the rate
especially through forced acceleration, may actually result,
and often does, in making the real reading problem more
severe. In addition, forced acceleration may even destroy
confidence in ability to read. The obvious solution, then is
to increase rate as a part of a total improvement of the
whole reading process. This is a function of special
training programs in reading.
Basic
Conditions for Increased Reading Rate
A well
planned program prepares for maximum increase in rate by
establishing the necessary conditions. Four basic conditions
include:
1.
Have your eyes checked. Before embarking on a speed reading
program, make sure that any correctable eye defects you may
have are taken care of by checking with your eye doctor.
Often, very slow reading is related to uncorrected eye
defects.
2.
Eliminate the habit of pronouncing words as you read. If you
sound out words in your throat or whisper them, you can read
slightly only as fast as you can read aloud. You should be
able to read most materials at least two or three times
faster silently than orally. If you are aware of sounding or
"hearing" words as you read, try to concentrate on key words
and meaningful ideas as you force yourself to read faster.
3.
Avoid regressing (rereading). The average student reading at
250 words per minute regresses or rereads about 20 times per
page. Rereading words and phrases is a habit which will slow
your reading speed down to a snail's pace. Usually, it is
unnecessary to reread words, for the ideas you want are
explained and elaborated more fully in later contexts.
Furthermore, the slowest reader usually regresses most
frequently. Because he reads slowly, his mind has time to
wander and his rereading reflects both his inability to
concentrate and his lack of confidence in his comprehension
skills.
4.
Develop a wider eye-span. This will help you read more than
one word at a glance. Since written material is less
meaningful if read word by word, this will help you learn to
read by phrases or thought units.
Send your questions
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