|
ADA |
Augusta ADA Byron
(Lady Lovelace) |
1979 |
Derived from
Pascal, used primarily by the military. |
|
ALGOL |
ALGOrithmic
Language |
1960 |
First structured
procedural programming language, used mainly for
solving math problems. |
|
APL |
A Programming
Language |
1961 |
Interpreted
language using a large set of special symbols and
terse syntax. Used primarily by mathematicians. |
|
BASIC |
Beginners
All-Purpose Symbolic Instruction Code |
1965 |
Very popular
high-level programming language, frequently used by
beginning programmers. |
|
C |
Predecessor was
Bell Laboratory's 1972 B Programming Language |
1972 |
Compiled,
structured, programming language commonly used in
many workplaces because its programs are easy to
transfer between different types of computers. |
|
C++ |
Advanced version
of C. Developed at ATT Bell Labs. |
1985 |
C++ is used in
numerous fields, such as accounting and finance
systems, and computer-aided design. Supports
object-oriented programming. |
|
COBOL |
COmmon
Business-Oriented Language |
1959 |
English-like
programming language, emphasizes data structures.
Widely used, especially in businesses. |
|
FORTH |
FOuRTH-Generation
language (4 GL) |
1970 |
Interpreted,
structured language, easily extended. Provides high
functionality in limited space. |
|
Fortran |
FORmula
TRANslation |
1954 |
Initially
designed for scientific and engineering uses, a
high-level, compiled language now used in many
fields. Introduced several concepts such as
variables, conditional statements, and separately
compiled subroutines. |
|
HTML |
HyperText Markup
Language |
1989 |
Designed for
publishing hypertext on the Internet. |
|
JAVA |
Sun Microsystems
developers drank a lot of coffee when coding for
this. |
1990 |
Originally
developed for use in set-top boxes, transitioned to
the World Wide Web in 1994. |
|
LISP |
LISt Processing |
1960 |
A list-oriented
programming language, mainly used to manipulate
lists of data. Interpreted language, often used in
research, generally considered the "standard"
language for Artificial Intelligence (AI) projects. |
|
LOGO |
Derived from
Greek logos, meaning word |
1968 |
Programming
language often used with children. Features a simple
drawing environment and several higher-level
features from LISP. Primarily educational. |
|
Modula-2 |
MODULAr Language,
designed as secondary phase of Pascal (Niklaus Wirth
devised both) |
1980 |
Language that
emphasizes modular programming. High-level language
based on Pascal, characterized by lack of standard
functions and procedures. |
|
Pascal |
Blaise PASCAL,
mathematician and inventor of first computing device |
1971 |
Compiled,
structured language, based on ALGOL. Adds data types
and structures while simplifying syntax. Like C
language, it is a standard development language for
microcomputers. |
|
PERL |
Practical
Extraction and Report Language |
1988 |
It is a
text-processing language that looks like a
combination of C and several Unix text processing
utilities. |
|
PILOT |
Programmed
Inquiry, Language Or Teaching |
1969 |
Programming
language used primarily to create applications for
computer-aided instruction. Contains very little
syntax. |
|
PL/1 |
Programming
Language One |
1964 |
Designed to
combine the key features of Fortran, COBOL, and
ALGOL, a complex programming language. Compiled,
structured language capable of error handling and
multitasking, used in some academic and research
environments. |
|
SGML |
Standard
Generalized Markup Language |
1986 |
Designed as a
metalanguage, it is used as an international
standard for the description of marked-up electronic
text. |
|
SQL |
Structured Query
Language |
1986 |
Designed to be
used for creating complex databases and accessing
data in a relational database. |
|
VB |
Visual Basic |
1990 |
Sometimes called
the Rapid Applications Development system, is used
to build applications quickly. |
|
XML |
Extensible Markup
Language |
1977 |
Used for creating
arbitrarily-structured documents and Web pages; it
is commonly associated with the Internet. |
